POINT TO POINT & MULTIPOINT NETWORK

PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NETWORK

            The physical structure of network means that how the nodes are connected physically and how many nodes are take parts in that network. In term of how many nodes/device are connected in a network the physical structure of network is divided in to two parts that is,

                    1.       Point to Point Network

                    2.       Multipoint network

    Both this technique is used to connect devices in network through a wire in order to communicate, but the difference between this two network physical structure is one is used to connect only two devices that is point-to-point and other is used to connect more than two devices in a network called multipoint network see further explain below.

Point to Point Network

                The simplest form of the physical structure of network and unicast network, in this network only one sender and one receiver connect with each other to communicate data. Such as when transfer data between two mobiles or computer by using Bluetooth and other application like Zapya and Shearit etc.
    We can make Point to Point network by connecting two computers using network wires, here only these two nodes can perform data communication.

point to point network

                This type of network is use in immediate work, in a room or personal use.

Multipoint Network

                Multipoint network also known as broadcast networking, in this type of network the connection configure between more than two devices. However there will be only one communication line on which all nodes are connected and one can be sender and others all will receiver. Like TV broadcasting one station is broadcaster or sender and it has many receivers.

multipoint network

Difference between Point to Point and Multipoint Network

Point to Point	Multipoint
When a single line is used only between two devices, it is point-to-point network.	In multipoint the single line is used to connect more than two devices in a network.
In this network the entire channel capacity is reserved for only these two devices.	Where in multipoint network the capacity of channel is shared temporarily by nodes. Or the capacity of channel Is divided among nodes.
Here only a transmitter and a receiver.	In this network there is single transmitter but multiple receivers.

 

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NETWORK

                “The interlink connection between device or node through a communication link (medium) to communicate data is called network.” 

CRITERIA FOR A DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORK

                Some criteria or specification that a data communication network must meet, in order to exchange data. For a reliable and a proper network, following three criteria must carry by specific network.  

                                1.  Performance

                                2.  Reliability

                                3.  Security 

1.      Performance

Performance can measure by different aspect and factor such as. The transmit time and response time, performance of network like active user transmission medium type, how fast the data travel between medium also protocol paly role in performance.

2.   Reliability

Reliability is measured in term of network failure and duration in which the failure recover. It is one of the most important criteria after security on which the network should fall its maximum hold. Reliability in term of the network is able or not when require arise, if the network down in-between works then it will count as failure.

3.   Security

Security includes the data protection from virus and Malicious/unauthorized user access. The data sent over network should reach from source to destination without any loss and interrupt in the way.  The most important factor of data communication network although performance and reliability count it’s important but security is one of most sensitive word of need now a day.

The criteria of computer network says about the quality of network.

Q. What is the criteria for a good network, name it?

Ans: For a good  network, the following three network criteria must meet. 1. Performance  2. Reliability  3. Security 

what is the criteria of network.

what is the criteria of a network

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BASIC COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER NETWORK

NETWORK

   “The interlink connection between device or node through a communication link (medium) to communicate data is called network.” 

basic component of computer network

COMPONENTS OF NETWORK

To make a network we need some component that combine together to make us able to communicate data between nodes. Component of network contain the physical component called as hardware component of network as well as the operating system and some protocol required for networking named as software component of network.

1. Hardware Component Of Network

    The Hardware components that are the physically installed devices, wires and accessories which can be seen or touch. The following components of network count as Hardware component.

i) Transmission media
    Transmission media is the channel by which the data is travel form one device to another in a network; it is the medium between the nodes in network. Transmission media may be guided like coaxial cable and optical fiber and with unguided like micro waves and radio waves.

ii) NIC(Network Interface Card)
    Network Interface Card also known as NIC, it is a hardware component that connects the computer to network a circuit board usually comes with computer system that dedicated network connection to computer. Some family of computer’s organization NIC is a mandatory part but at other side in some computer’s family we have to install NIC separately. Without this card computer can’t connect through network.

iii) Server
    Servers are the high speed high storage computers that usually offer services. Network Operating System (NOC) is specially design for this type of computer that offer services that other client can use these resources. It can be deferent type like file server that store large amount of file and database server etc.

iv) Client
    Computers that normally use by public to use network resources, client request and use the server services.

v) Peer
    Peer are those computer that can provides services in a networking and also use the resources that provide by server and other peers. This type of computer can be server and client at a time.

vi) Connecting device
    The devices that use between nodes/computer and network to binding the network and media together. Some example of connecting deices are Routers, Bridges, Hubs, Gateways and Switches etc.

2. Software Component Of Network

Software components of hardware are those software and protocol that make the hardware communicate-able in order to build a reliable networking system

i) NOS(Network Operating System)
    Like the other Operating system the Network Operating System is used in server to facilitate workstation in network in order to share data and information.

ii) Protocol(OSI/TCP IP model ) 
    OSI and TCP IP models are the protocol of networking which tells about the rules which is defines to communicate the nodes in a network. 

Network's component

  

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