Showing posts with label Computer. Show all posts

Dec 10, 2020

KIND OF OPERATING SYSTEM

Operating System OS

OS is a system software, OS manages computer component, other software, communication between components and user with computer, performance and security etc. OS is the basic need of computer system. read more about OS , type of OS and goal of OS

KIND OF OPERATING SYSTEM

kind of OS

There are hundreds of kind of operating system exist in now a day and also increasing in number and also more effective and convenient , here are the some famous Operating system which being used in this season is as follow.

1. Windows OS

Windows OS which is usually used in our Computer System(PC’s and laptops) like Window XP editions, Window 7, Window 8, Window 10 and Window Vista etc. Most of them design and developed by Microsoft.

2. Android OS

The OS used in android phones called android OS. Its capability and efficiency differ from android version to version , the latest android version is 11.0 or Android 11 and it is the 18^th version of android history.

3. iOS

The name refers which device used this kind of OS, the iphone edition also we can say apple phone use this Mobile base Operating System. This iOS is design and developed by Apple lnc. Only for their own hardware.

4. Mac OS

It is also refer as Macintosh Operating System, used in iphone. iPad and iPod touch, developed by Apple lnc. It’s also came with version editions and the latest version is 11.0.1

5. Linux OS

It just like Window OS and used in smart phones, super computers, home digital appliances and home desktops etc. it also have further many kinds the latest Linux OS is Container Linux (Formerly CoreOS).

6. Chrome OS

It is a Gentoo Linux based OS and used by Google like other OS it’s have own environment, interface and playstores.

7. Windows Phone OS

Window Phone OS is a kind of Windows OS specially designs for android mobile own by Microsoft company (Window Phone App studio).in the early stage Nokia mobile company used this Operating System but now a day its use rarely in mobile system, mostly Android design on Android OS.

Relation Between Hardware and Software and Operating System

8:48 AM Computer, Operating System

Relation Between Hardware and Software

relation between hardware and software
The relation between hardware and software is like the relation of human body and soul if the soul is get separated form body then is the body works, Defiantly not and same way if a soul without body also of no works. This process is same in computer system between hardware and software if software fail in a system than the hardware is just a thing of no work. And yes for the software it always needs hardware to execute, thus this two are dependable on each other.

Here the software control the hardware and tell what to do and how to do and the hardware obey the instruction by software in this way by collaborating of this two component of computer process the data and produce useful output which is the main goal/ thing what user want.

Relationship between User, Hardware, Operating System and Applications.

relationship of os to hardware and software

Here the diagram represent the relationship between the four component in which the Operating System pay main role to provide interface between application to hardware and also to user to interact to the applications.

Where the user going to use applications software on computer which mean there should be something which can provide link between user to applications to make task possible, Yes the thing which provide link between user to application is Operating System OS not only provide links further OS monitoring that is the application running smoothly or not if some problem raise in application loading or running first the OS itself solve the problem or may be it ask to user to solve it, and provide interface between user to application

Second case if we using application that runs on hardware so here also we have to build interface between application to hardware, this task also doing by OS it provide an interface between application to the hardware so it easily communicate each other and also OS monitoring.

BASIC COMPUTER (Hardware, Software , Operating System)

8:33 AM Computer, Operating System

INTRODUCTION TO HARDWARE SOFTWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEM:

In Operating system we will study go through a simple overview to Hardware, Software (Operating System, Application System) and User. After the short view of this topic we will go for Operating System its types, uses, function and goals etc.

HARDWARE

hardware,software,os

As we studied early to class Hardware is the physical component of Computer system, which can be visible and touchable. Some hardware like CPU, Hard disk and all peripheral devices. But all the hardware is useless or just a physical component without Software.

SOFTWARE

Software the soul of computer, which is set of instruction which tell computer what to do and how to do. It operates and controls all hardware to perform specific task mainly it has done by Operating System. Where there are two further type of Software

(i.) System software (ii ) Application software

System software

The software which is required for the computer itself to boot up like Operating System. This software is not direct use by user but it provides platform or environment to execute the user’s software or other software like application software.

Application Software

The second type of software that is design for user uses to perform their daily task, task like solving problem maintain any data base or use for entertainment purpose. Some application software is word processor, spreadsheet maker, Browsers etc. The application software can be further divide into two categories

i. Custom Application Software

Custom applications are those applications that design for some special people or organization or company for their individual interest and use only, this type of software isn’t available in market place internet and the public cannot access to custom software directly.

ii. Package Application Software

Package Software are those software which can directly accessible by the public and it can be available In market place, like MS Office, Photoshop and all those software which is used by public in their daily life for different purpose like MS Office for transcription, Photoshop for editing photos ,YouTube for entertainment and all social media platform to interact one another all these application comes in Package Application.

OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)

Operating system is a system software which is the most important part of computer system other which computers are useless even if you have application software, because the application software are also load and run by Operating system and also operating system is the one which is responsible to provide interface between the hardware to user and the hardware to applications to perform different tasks.

"Operating system manages all the execution take place in CPU ,manage the input output device and their behavior, the memory and the read write permission also manage by Operating System all over Operating System is Manager of Computer task and behavior."

Relation between hardware and software 👉👉 read more

Relationship between user, hardware, operating system and applications. 👉👉 read more

relation between hardware and software

LINQ in C# (SQL vs LINQ)

9:37 AM Computer, GK

linq-in-c#
LINQ in C#

It represents Language Integrated Query. It is a query language design by Microsoft using which we can write queries on a different verity of data sources to retrieve data form data source , like data from Array and collections.

Basically it is derived from the SQL where SQL used in RDBMS and LINQ is use in programming language like c#.When we going to use LINQ in programming first of all we should import the system.Linq from library.

LINQ program example

Write a program to display the numbers greater than 40 from the array using LINQ statement.

using Systme;

using System.Linq ;

Staic void Main()

{

int[] arr = { 23, 34, 43,41, 54, 15, 4, 0, 66, 72, 91, 45, 17,86};

var brr = from i in arr where i>40 orderby i select i;

foreach (int a in brr)

Console.Write({“0}\t”,a);

Conosole.ReadLine();

}

Difference between SQL and LINQ

SQL

LINQ

Ø SQL is a Structure Query Language use in RDBMS (Relational Data Base Management System) mainly in Sql Workbench.

Ø SQL is used in Relational Data Base to retrieve and Manuplication of data from Tables or Relations.

Ø The syntax of SQL start from ‘Select ‘clause and end with clauses like (where, group by, having and orderby).

Ø Syntax

Select [<columns>] From [<Table>] [<Clauses>]

Note : Clauses contain Where, Groupby, Having and Orderby . clauses are optional

and it always in the above sequence.

Ø LINQ is a Language Integrated Query use by programmer in programming language, like in c#.

Ø LINQ is used in programming to retrieve data form Array and Collection.

Ø The syntax starts with ‘From’ clause and end with ‘Select’ clause.

Ø Syntax

from [<alias>] in <collection | array> [<Clauses>] Select[<alias>]

here all the place of columns name we going to use alias. Alias in nothing it just a name like ‘I’, ‘a’ whatever you want names it.

Example difference

Suppose we have a table ‘Num’ contain only one column ‘col1’ and it contain the following data 23, 34, 43,41, 54, 15, 4, 0, 66, 72, 91, 45, 17,86

Suppose we have an array

‘arr’ contain the following data same as in table 23, 34, 43,41, 54, 15, 4, 0, 66, 72, 91, 45, 17,86

List col1 greater than 40

Select col1 From Num Where col1> 40 orderby col1;

print array greater than 40

from i in arr where i>40 orderby i select i;

HASHTABLE COLLECTION IN C#

7:11 AM Computer

c# hashtable

C# HASHTABLE

"Hashtable is a type of collection just like an ArrayList that store objects type data in memories with object key and value", but mostly the programmer prefer Hashtable against array list why because Hashtable is little bit different than ArrayList in C# see post's bottom.

SYNTAX OF HASHTABLE

Like ArrayList it's require to add the System. Collections library as directive. And then

Hashtable obj = new Hashtable(); // in place of obj the name of Hashtable will write

SYNTAX OF ADDING & REMOVING VALUES IN HASHTABLE

For add values in Hashtable we need to use Add keyword as we did in ArrayList, but here we have to name the keys explicitly and then assign values to it.

obj. Add("object Key", object value);

Like this obj. Add("Stdid", 5809);

For remove just specify the object key

obj. Remove("object key");

Like this obj. Remove("stdid");

EXAMPLE OF HASHTABLE COLLECTION IN C#

Suppose a student data base

static void Main(string[] args)

{

Hashtable ht = new Hashtable();

ht.Add("stdid", 5809);

ht.Add("name", "Aslam");

ht.Add("surname", "Maaz");

ht.Add("Fname", "Qadir");

ht.Add("Depname", "Computer Science");

ht.Add("shift", "morning");

ht.Add("fee", 20129.45);

ht.Remove("stdsurname");

foreach (object key in ht.Keys)

Console.WriteLine(key+ " ; " +ht[key]);

Console.ReadKey();

}

Mar 3, 2020

ARRAYLIST IN C# (Diff. b/w Array & ArrayList )

8:27 AM Computer, GK

ArrayList in c#

"ArrayList is a class of Collections^{^} ,and it's a data structure that store collection of data just like an array". But it's is little bit different than ArrayList See the detail difference between Array and ArrayList at bottom of this page.

EXAMPLE OF ARRAYLIST

1. How to declare ArrayList in C#

To declare an ArrayList first step to add the directive System. Collection, and what have to do is we have to the instantiate the instance of ArrayList as we did to the class instance with the help of new keyword see the example

using System.Collections;

static void Main()

{

ArrayList List = new ArrayList ();

// the name of ArrayList will be 'List' or you can chose your own name

}

2. How to add item/values into an Arraylist in C#

arraylist in c#

With the a help of Add keyword we will add object type data in ArrayList

See it

static void Main()

{

ArrayList List = new ArrayList ();

List.Add(100);

List.Add("Jhony");

List.Add('a');

}

3. How to read an ArrayList in C#

Like the old process but little bit change we have to use the Add keyword like this

static void Main()

{

ArrayList List = new ArrayList();

Console.WriteLine("Enter items into ArrayList");

List.Add(Console.ReadLine());

}

4. How to write and display the output of an ArrayList in C#

Because of the ArrayList we will use foreach loop to print the ArrayList

static void Main()

{

ArrayList List = new ArrayList();

Console.WriteLine("Enter items into ArrayList");

List.Add(Console.ReadLine());

difference between array and arraylist, arraylist, array

array vs arraylist

List.Add(100);

List.Add("Jhony");

List.Add('a');
Console.Write("Array items are ");

foreach (object obj in List)

Console.Write(" " + obj);

Console.ReadKey();

}

5. How to insert item/values in the middle of ArrayList

For this you to specify the index number at the place we want to add the item and by using insert keyword we will insert at any point. Like suppose the above program I want to add 150 in between the "Jhony" and 'a' thus we have to add at index number 3 because index start at zero let do it.

static void Main()

{

ArrayList List = new ArrayList();

Console.WriteLine("Enter items into ArrayList");

difference between array and list, java list vs arraylist, array and arraylist, arraylist example

array to arraylist

List.Add(Console.ReadLine());

List.Add(100);

List.Add("Jhony");

List.Add('a');

List.Insert(3, 150);

foreach (object obj in List)

Console.Write(" " + obj);

Console.ReadKey();

}

6. How to delete item from middle of ArrayList

By use of either Remove keyword and specify the 'object obj'. Or RemoveAt keyword by specifying index number. Suppose above program I want to delete "Jhony" we have two ways

First (Remove keyword and specify the 'object obj')

static void Main()

{

ArrayList List = new ArrayList();

Console.WriteLine("Enter items into ArrayList");

arraylist clear, arraylist of objects in java, array vs arraylist c#

array to arraylist

List.Add(Console.ReadLine());

List.Add(100);

List.Add("Jhony");

List.Add('a');

List.Insert(3, 150);

List.Remove("Jhony");

foreach (object obj in List)

Console.Write(" " + obj);

Console.ReadKey();

}

Second (RemoveAt keyword by specifying index number)

static void Main()

{

ArrayList List = new ArrayList();

Console.WriteLine("Enter items into ArrayList");

List.Add(Console.ReadLine());

List.Add(100);

List.Add("Jhony");

List.Add('a');

List.Insert(3, 150);

List.RemoveAt(4);

foreach (object obj in List)

Console.Write(" " + obj);

Console.ReadKey();

}

Dec 10, 2020